ASTM E2728-19 PDF Download

The ASTM E2728-19 standard provides guidance on sustainable water management in the building industry. The standard highlights several key points:

1. The limited supply of fresh water and increasing demand: The standard references the United Nations' estimation that only 2.5 percent of the Earth's water is fresh, with only 0.5 percent accessible for human use. The global population's tripled growth in the 20th century has led to a six-fold increase in water usage. The standard warns that close to 70 percent of the global population may encounter difficulties accessing fresh water.

2. Stress on water supplies and distribution systems: The increased demand for water has placed strain on water resources and distribution networks, posing threats to both human health and the environment.

3. Energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions: The rising demand for water has resulted in significant energy usage and associated greenhouse gas emissions. Water treatment and distribution facilities consume substantial amounts of electricity, natural gas, and diesel fuel. The standard cites figures for American public water supply and treatment facilities, as well as specific data for California.

4. Building industry's impact on water resources: The building industry diverts approximately 16 percent of global fresh water annually, considering the water required for manufacturing materials and constructing and operating buildings. The standard emphasizes the need for water efficiency in design and construction.

The standard also addresses the concepts of ideal sustainability and applied sustainability in water management. Ideal sustainability aligns with the hydrological cycle and serves as a reference for continual improvement. Applied sustainability, on the other hand, outlines current best practices and considers environmental, economic, and social factors. The most suitable options for water management will vary based on the project location.

The guide recognizes that water management challenges differ depending on the type of built environment and the availability of water resources. It highlights the specific challenges posed by large cities and emphasizes the need for sustainable solutions to effectively manage the entire water cycle. The standard emphasizes that sustainable design, construction, and operation of water and wastewater services are crucial for water stewardship and global sustainable water management.